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New Documentary Release on Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

New documents released to A. Ross Johnson by the Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel provide additional information on the relationship of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty to the State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency in the 1950s and 1960s.

New documents released to A. Ross Johnson by the Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel provide additional information on the relationship of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty to the State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency in the 1950s and 1960s. 

In a , Office of Policy Coordination director Frank Wisner counsels FEC executive secretary DeWitte Poole that the newly-formed Free Europe Committee, private but largely government funded, should consult closely with OPC and the State Department on issues of  policy, budget, and personnel vetting. OPC and FEC subsequently signed a outlining the authorities and responsibilities of the two organizations.

In a , CIA International Organizations Division chief Thomas Braden assures the State Department that RFE broadcasts which indirectly took sides in Czechoslovak factory council elections had ended. (FEC Czechoslovak Guidance No. 13, 鈥淭he 1954 Czechoslovak Electoral Campaigns鈥 stated that if a candidate is loyal to his fellow workers 鈥e must be elected 鈥. [if] a sycophant of Party and regime 鈥onest workers will cast blank ballots.鈥) RFE鈥檚 brief tactical advice to listeners was part of OPERATION VETO, intended to encourage passive resistance to Communist rule in Czechoslovakia. (The Guidance and the cited FEC telex are available in the at the  Hoover Archives and Library.)

In the wake of 1956 unrest in Eastern Europe and controversy about RFE鈥檚 Hungarian broadcasts, the State Department called on CIA, in a , to implement a fundamental reorientation and curtailment of RFE and RL broadcasts. The memorandumasked CIA director Alan Dulles to meet with Deputy Undersecretary of State Robert Murphy on the issue.  CIA staff, in a , took issue with the State Department analysis and recommendations. A subsequent memorandum from CIA staff to Dulles ,  recommended approval of a working group of State Department, USIA, and CIA representatives, as suggested and chaired by the State Department, to reappraise all RFE, RL, and VOA broadcasting. (The working group was later named the Committee on Radio Broadcasting Policy, CRBP).

In a , Cord Meyer summarizes RFE and RL responses to program changes directed by the CRBP. The Committee had conducted periodic review of broadcast scripts to ensure 鈥渞esponsiveness to U.S. foreign policy objectives鈥 and 鈥渕aximum possible impact and effectiveness.鈥 Meyer noted that CRBP policy guidance was incorporated in RFE Special Country Guidances in fall 1957 and a new RL guidance in May 1958.

In a , CIA official Fred Valtin records guidance from the State Department on RFE Czechoslovak broadcasts following the Soviet/Warsaw Pact invasion. FEC President William Durkee had proactively requested guidance on treatment by RFE of possible appeals for active resistance issued by high-level Czechoslovak officials. 鈥淚t was the [State] Department鈥檚 position that calls for active resistance must not be broadcast by RFE, no matter from what level of Czech officialdom.鈥 (See also the , and the  on the same day.)

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History and Public Policy Program

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Cold War International History Project

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